Drug Abuse And Its Effects On The Criminal Justice System

Despite all of the efforts put fourth in attempting to better educate and stop drug use in America studies show that drug use by juveniles has substantially increased within recent years. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) juveniles as young as eighth grade are using drugs such as marijuana on a daily basis. Unfortunately, most of these juveniles have also experimented with alcohol at this age as a gateway drug to start using marijuana and so forth. (NIDA) There are many aspects that could impact why children so young are getting access to these drugs. The NIDA Director Dr. Nora Volkow states that, â€Å"Marijuana use not only places teens at risk of addiction but also impairs their memory, judgment, and ability to learn.† These drugs are now so easily accessible at such a vulnerable and impressionable age that it could have devastating impacts on the juvenile’s future in the criminal justice system. Important factors that go alongside in drug abus e with juveniles would be peer pressure, family factors, and lastly emotional problems they are experiencing in their young years of life. Peer pressure is very common within the school systems. It is something that almost all juveniles will deal with at some point in their life. The juveniles may have other factors involved such as weak family support that affect them in their decision-making process or deciding what is right or wrong. According to the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, INC.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Drug Abuse On A Criminal Justice System2212 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Æ' Abstract Drug abuse is a social problem America has faced for years that is continuing to get worse as the years go by. Drug abuse has a negative effect on many different individuals, families, friends, and society as a whole. Drug use is frequently tied into crime and incarceration. Looking into ways to lower the possibility of inmates returning to drugs and incarceration can help lower the abuse of drugs for the entire society. Lowering the use of drug abuse can help heal people and their relationshipsRead MoreEconomic Impacts Of Drug Abuse1013 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic Impacts of Drug Abuse in the United States Drug abuse is a major public health issue that impacts society both directly and indirectly; every person, every community is somehow affected by drug abuse and addiction and this economic burden is not exclusive to those who use substance, it inevitably impacts those who don t. Drugs impact our society in various ways including but not limited to lost earnings, health care expenditures, costs associated with crime, accidents, and deaths. The useRead MoreDrug Abuse Effects1320 Words   |  6 PagesDrug abuse is a major public health issue that impacts society both directly and indirectly; every person, every community is somehow affected by drug abuse and addiction and this economic burden is not exclusive to those who use substance, it inevitably impacts those who dont. Drugs impact our society in various ways including but not limited to lost earnings, health care expenditures, costs associated with crime, accidents, and deaths. The use of licit or illicit drugs long term, causes millionsRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse : Drug And Free World1508 Words   |  7 Pagesaged 12 to 17 abuse a prescription pain reliever for the first time (â€Å"Prescription Drug Abuse Statistics – Overdoes Deaths – Drug-Free World,†n.d.) A 2007 survey in the United States found that 3.3% of 12 to 17 years olds and 6% of 17 to 25 year olds had abused prescription drugs in the past month (â€Å"Prescription Drug Abuse Statistics – Overdoes Deaths – Drug-Free World,†n.d.) Prescription drug abuse causes the largest percentage of deaths from drug overdoses (â€Å"Prescription Drug Abuse StatisticsRead MoreShould Drugs Be Legalized? Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pageslegalization of drugs is among the most polarizing issues faced by the US government today. The increase in organized crime related to drug trafficking has forced authorities to reevaluate their stance on their legalization issue, and yet there are those in the civil society th at oppose such legalization vehemently. Though there is evidence that many of the banned and scheduled substances can be attributed to a range of health benefits and treatment of diseases, the American experience with drugs has beenRead MoreThe Effect Of Drugs On Juveniles961 Words   |  4 Pages The Effects of Drugs on Juveniles The growth of juveniles using and selling drugs has expanded tremendously over the years. The use of drugs by juveniles has affected juveniles academically, in relationships, health, and the rise in delinquency. Juveniles experimenting drugs often lead to long term use, and is often used in adulthood. It has been found through studies, that the rise in juveniles and drugs have significantly grown more rapidly than the rise in adults. Crime rates has risenRead MoreDrug Addiction Treatment Vs. Incarceration966 Words   |  4 PagesDrug Addiction Treatment vs. Incarceration: Gaining Insight Regarding the Facts Drug addiction is most often defined as a chronic progressive relapsing cycle in which an individual experiences excessive compulsions in using a mood altering substance despite the consequences associated with the drug. Drug addiction is also considered a disease that affects the brain; which results in a chemical imbalance caused by the abuse of illegal substances. The effects of drug usage can cause long term brainRead MoreThe Effects Of Residential Schools On Disadvantaged Backgrounds855 Words   |  4 PagesAboriginal people make up 4.4% of all Canadians, yet account for 22% of individuals in provincial and territorial prisons. (King Winterdyk, 2010, p. 56). I believe they are over-represented in the criminal justice system due to their disadvantaged backgrounds. This paper will discuss the effects of residential schools, as well as how inconsistent parenting contributes to this sad reality. When the Canadian government set up residential schools in the 1870’s, they took away a major component ofRead MoreThe Problem Of The Criminal Justice System930 Words   |  4 Pagescomponents that contribute to crime. There are a variety of known factors that play a role, such as physical, sexual and substance abuse, poverty, lack of education and mental health. Solutions needs to be found for each different factor. When considering our nations criminal justice system, it is vital that we focus more on providing mental health care, education, drug treatment, and counseling, rather than forcing all delinquents into jails and prisons. Imposing a life of loneliness, separation,Read MoreGender Inequality Within The Criminal Justice System974 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many disparities within the criminal justice system that can be recognized. One of the most commonly researched disparities is with race and ethnicity. However, there is another disparity that, while just as i mportant, may be less recognized. This disparity is gender. For many years, criminologists have developed theories as to why females commit crime dating back to 1895. One more recent theory of crime is Sampson and Laub’s life course theory. This theory argues that the events that occur

The Murder Of The Maribal Sisters By Julia Alvarez

The murder of the Maribal sisters has given the world an inside view on the lives of the sisters. Trujillo‘s evil dictatorship impacted the lives of the dominican people and left a scar on their hearts forever. Since the assassination of Trujillo, the sisters have been recognized through their poems, letters, and books. Larry Rohter, author, explained in a 1997 New York Times article that â€Å"the sisters were known in their days as members of the anti-Trujillo underground, into symbols of both popular and feminist resistance.† This explains the power and freedom the sisters were able to achieve for themselves and for the Dominican society. The sisters fought for freedom continuously and were able to defeat a dictator with their power of†¦show more content†¦Minerva’s dreams are right in front of her but she chooses to be with her family instead. Minerva’s dreams are so close to her and she wants to become someone better for herself and for her fa mily. However she feels that she needs to stay closer and develop into someone who can protect her family. The restrictions placed on her are based on her families’ judgement and the society, however, she chooses to find a path that will give her the ability to grow either way. The Maribal sisters find power in their weakness by refusing to be dominated by Trujillo and by visualizing a democratic nation where the people share power. â€Å"I see a guardia, and I think, who have you killed. I hear a police siren, and I think who is going to be killed. See what I mean? I see the picture of our president with eyes that follow me around the room, and I am thinking he is trying to catch me doing something wrong. Before, I always thought our president was like God, watching over everything I did.† (1.3.107) When Mate finds out that the president is not a good man, she finds it hard to believe. To her, he was so powerful that she thought of him as godlike, all-powerful. And wh en the all-powerful turn out to be evil, she felt very frightened and confused. After finding out Trujillo’s bad side, Mate realizes that she is imprisoned by a secret and a reality. Don Enrique claims Trujillo needs helpShow MoreRelatedEssay about In the Time of the Butterflies1148 Words   |  5 PagesSacrifice becomes necessary to achieve social change when there is loss of personal freedoms, abuse of power, and physical abuse. This is demonstrated by the revolutions in Nicaragua and Haiti as well as the novel, In the Time of the Butterflies, by Julia Alvarez. When people are being severely oppressed and they no longer have any freedom, they are likely to sacrifice themselves in the hope of achieving justice. In most nations, people have the freedom to act in their own will. For example, in the United

Psychology Paper on Pain Free Essays

Pain Veronica Tran Essay #1 Psy 1 (#48954) Pain Everyone everywhere will experience pain; whether it is everyday or once a week. Paper cuts, pinches, or even simply jamming your fingers between your door, are all painful accidents. Pain is the undesirable feeling; the red alert which signals our attention to something unfavorable happening to our bodies. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology Paper on Pain or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our bodies can detect pain by nocioceptors. Nocioceptors are special nerve receptors designed for stimuli that are encountered as painful (Benjamin B. Lahey, 2009). There are two significant pathways these neural pain messages travel to our brain; fast and slow. The fast and slow pathways are the reason why our bodies endure pain at different times. The first experience would be a noticeable short pain, and realization of what’s going on. The second experience is an extended painful sensation. An example of the pathways combined would be dropping a 15lb weight on your foot. First sensation would quickly make u move that weight off and then stare at your foot. The second would make you land on the floor holding your foot while screaming. We experience these divided painful sensations for two reasons. Both experiences are on two different paths with two different speeds to our brains. The neurons are thicker, covered in myelin in the fast path making the movement quick. The slow pathway consists of smaller neurons, no myelin, and in result makes the transmission slow. Reason number two, both pathways go through different parts in our brains. The fast neural pathway moves through our thalamus and to the matosensory area. The matosensory area is located in the parietal lobe of the brains cerebral cortex. It receives and translates the sensory information from our skin and body. Which is how we are capable of locating where and what is happening to our bodies. The matosensory area locates the action but is not responsible for our emotional reactions to pain. Information moving on the slow pathway travels to the limbic system. The limbic system is where we feel the emotional experience to the pain that is happening. The gate-control theory of pain was conducted by Psychologist Ronald Melzack. The theory was that in the brain stem, a matrix of neurons regulates the circulation of impulses from the nocioceptors to the cerebral cortex. Messages from the body’s receptors go to the brain and through the brain stem. The â€Å"pain gates† is the area where the slow pain neural fibers pass. The gates in the brain stem can either be opened or closed. This really means this has part in making us more or less sensitive to the activation of the nocioceptors. When â€Å"opened† the gates can allow more slow-pain neural transmission on to the slow path to the limbic system. Therefore our emotional experience to the pain lasts longer. The gates can also be â€Å"closed†; that is less transmission of slow pain impulses, in result less pain. Fast pathway does not travel through the gates, but cannot be blocked. Endorphins signal the gates to close, preventing pain message from reaching the brain. Cancer can develop pain all on its own because it is cancer. The main cause of pain in cancer is the growing or destroying tissue near or on the cancer infected area. Cancer pain can come from where the cancer had developed. Or other areas spread around the body where the cancer had traveled. During the time when the tumor matures, it can begin to hit nerves, bones, or other organs causing physical pain to the patient. Not only can cancer be painful physically to the body, but it can also cause pain chemically. Chemicals they secrete into the region of the tumor can cause pain. Not everyone diagnosed with cancer experiences pain, usually one out of 3 cancer patients going through treatment does (Timothy Moynihan, 2010). Pain concerning cancer always depends on what type of cancer the patient is diagnosed with. Those who have advanced cancer; that is cancer that has spread or reoccurred, unfortunately have a higher chance of experiencing the pain within cancer. Cancer treatments also take a toll on pain towards the patient. Chemotherapy, radiation, and also surgery are some sources of cancer pain. Cancer surgery usually results in painful long sessions that often take time to recover. Burning sensations and sometimes painful scars are left behind after radial treatments. If undergoing chemotherapy, painful side effects may include mouth sores, diarrhea, and even damaging to the nerves. Diet and nutrition are one of many ways to cope with pain. Medical doctors and physicians have pondered on why people suffer from pain. The solution to their problems is the one answer that have been ignored; simple diet and nutrition. Our bodies are capable of healing and repairing itself when given the opportunity to do so (Harvey Diamond, 2005). A struggle for most people in our world today is learning how to cope pain. Such struggle can result in performance at work. Not being able to cope can affect not only your career but also your personal life as in your family and friends. Even those who have long been cured from an illness still struggle with pain. Physical and psychological treatment can be done to help those in chronic pain such as heat and ice. This method consists of either using hot towels or cold packages over the area of pain. Though it does not make the pain magically disappear, it does relieve pain for hours. Acupuncture is an ancient eastern form of pain relief some still use today. The needles are carefully placed into nerve endings; releasing endorphins from the nerves. Like acupuncture; massage therapy helps enhance blood flow throughout the body. Loosening knots in the muscles that create the body to become tense and are now at ease. There are many ways to cope with pain without the usage of drugs and surgeries. References Benjamin, B. , Lahey, (2009). Sensation and Perception, Psychology an introduction Timothy Moynihan, (2010). Cancer Pain: Relief is possible. Retrieved from http://www. mayoclinic. com/health/cancer-pain/CA00021 Harvey Diamond, (2005). Methods of Dealing with pain. Retrieved from http://www. bestsyndication. com/2005/A-H/DIAMOND-Harvey/080905-Pain-free-life. htm How to cite Psychology Paper on Pain, Papers

Constructive Conflict free essay sample

Why constructive conflict is encouraged within an organization? Expression of different point of views should be taken into consideration in decision making within the workplaces. However, this would lead to conflict. Conflict included in two types – constructive and destructive. In order to get good solutions to the problems, constructive conflict is encouraged within an organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Constructive Conflict or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Individuals and sections within organizations sometimes come into conflict in consequence of ambiguities in the rules controlling their relationships or through differences of interest. Conflict occurs when people have to share work or resources. However, people sometimes misunderstand the difference between constructive conflict and destructive conflict. Constructive conflict is an effective problem solving with groups. It facilitates ability to combine intellectual capacity, so new ideas occur. However, destructive conflict is an ineffective problem solving with individual. When destructive conflict happens, people have separate idea and hard to combine them together, so dependence will occur. Constructive conflict is very important in an organization. Whenever a conflict occurs, we should not stop it at the early stage. For example, during a conference meeting, employees argue with their managers because of the project deadline. Managers should not become a judge and stop them immediately. They should focus on an agreement from employees. Both parties have to deal with the problems but not personalities their ideas. Besides, mangers or colleagues need to express their own ideas. For example, managers are choosing a slogan for the advertisement. They have different ideal slogans. So, they start to argue because they think their own slogan is the best. After the argument, they realize that there are only one slogans is suitable for the advertisement. Therefore, both parties should communicate with each other and compromising and get the best solution to the problem. Moreover, argument between managers and employees is also a constructive conflict. Employees argue with their managers to express their ideas and needs. So that managers would know what to do to satisfy employees’ needs. For example, managers think that the stationeries are enough for all employees, but employees didn’t think so. So, argument between managers and employees occur in this situation. As a result, managers understand the needs of employees. Finally, in order to increase the quality of work in an organization, constructive conflict should be encouraged. Managers should focus on points of agreement and leave open a number of possibilities for the employees. They should not focus on their self-interest. For example, managers give several options for the background color of the advertisement but not to use their favorite color. We understood the importance of constructive conflict, but how should we manage a conflict into constructive way? First of all, we have to manage ourselves to deal with conflict. We should concern on three behaviors: Aggressive Behavior, Passive Behavior and Assertive Behavior. Aggressive behavior is to dominate other members of the team. People who have passive behavior, their advice and contributions are given in an apologetic way. They are quickly withdrawn if they encounter resistance and always put themselves down and rarely reach their full potential. People who have assertive behavior concerned with other people’s rights and obligations. They respect for the needs of others as well as the assertive person’s own needs and the right to freedom of thought. They have opinion and expression and treating others with dignity and respect. Besides, we have to manage conflict to deal with conflict. There is a style call CMS (Conflict Management Style), included avoidance, smoothing, forcing, compromising and problem solving. They are all interrelated. As a result, managing ourselves and managing conflict would finally form constructive conflict. Constructive conflict is a positive way of communication within an organization. We should not stop the conflict at the beginning because managers and colleagues could tell their needs. By expressing different point of views and arguments, both parties would know others opinions, their needs or the best solution to the problem. These would increase the quality of work in an organization. As a result, constructive conflict should be encouraged in the workplace.

Cutting The National Debt Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Cuting The National Debt Essay, Research Paper Cuting the National Debt # 8220 ; It # 8217 ; s clip to clean up this mess. # 8221 ; Famous last words heard from the oral cavities of many different politicians when speaking about the national debt and the budget shortage. Our debt is presently $ 4.41 trillion and we have a budget shortage of around $ 300 billion and turning. Our authorities now estimates that by the twelvemonth 2002 the debt will be $ 6.507 Trillion. While our politicians talk of equilibrating the budget, non one of them has proposed a executable program to get down paying down the debt. In the early yearss of our authorities debt was considered to be a last resort. In 1790, when Alexander Hamilton, as secretary of the Treasury, made his first study on the national debt of the United States, he estimated it at near to $ 70 million. After alternately lifting and falling, the debt stood at merely $ 4 million, or 21 cents per capita, in 1840. That was the lowest point of all time reached by the public debt of the U.S. After 1840 it rose to a extremum, in the last twelvemonth of the Civil War, of about $ 2.68 billion and a per capita figure of $ 75.01. The lone justification for debt of any important sum was a war. By 1900 this had been reduced to under $ 1 Billion. By 1919, the terminal of World War I, the debt had climbed to $ 25.5 Billion. In each of the undermentioned old ages the debt was reduced, and by 1930 stood at $ 18.1 Billion. With the prostration of Wall Street in 1929, the state ( debt history: 1850 to 1950 ) fell into the Great Depression, which lasted until 1940. At that clip the debt had climbed to $ 51 Billion. By the terminal of World War II the debt was $ 269 Billion. Again the authorities worked to cut down the debt, and by 1949 it was $ 252.7 Billion. At that point the Korean War started, directing the debt to $ 274 Billion by 1955. Since so, there has been no serious attempt to pay down the debt. The chief point to be made was that on three separate occasions a major debt decrease attempt had been made, but in the past 55 old ages in malice of much arm-waving there have been no similar consequences. The U.S. debt is divided into two major sorts of loans, marketable and nonmarketable. The former provides about 52 per centum of the sum and is made up of measures, notes, and bonds that can be traded ; the latter includes U.S. nest eggs bonds, foreign-government-owned securities, and authorities history securities that are redeemable but non tradable. Adulthood of this debt ranges from less than a twelvemonth to over 20 old ages, with the mean adulthood about 3 old ages. More than half of the debt, nevertheless, is short term, maturating in less than a twelvemonth. A ceiling is placed on U.S. federal debt, and Congress must ordain new statute law to raise the ceiling. Between 1981 and 1990 the ceiling was raised from about $ 1.08 trillion to about $ 4.15 trillion. Unfortunately at the terminal of 1995 we reached the ceiling once more, and Congress refused to raise it. They felt that it had become excessively much, and at that place was a authorities closure for a few yearss in November. Not merely was this an incommodiousness to many people, it besides accounted for an estimated $ 63 million a twenty-four hours in lost productiveness, and about dual that in lost revenue enhancement gross. Due to the menace of this, Clinton has a program to equilibrate the budget by 2005. This program includes a jutting $ 1.1 trillion disbursement cut over the following ten old ages, decelerate the growing of disbursement on Medicare and Medicaid, spare societal and farm plans, near a figure of corporate revenue enhancement loopholes and retain the bundle of middle-class revenue enhancement cuts he proposed before. He besides specified that plans such as Social Security, instruction, and preparation would be immune from such cuts. He did warn though, ? Make no mistake # 8211 ; in other countries, there will be large cuts, and they will ache. This was June of 1995, and at the terminal of Fiscal Year 1996, the national debt growing was $ 80 billion higher than old projections, with a concluding debt addition of $ 331 billion. Where does this money travel? This happens to be the most popular inquiry asked, yet the 1 cipher has a definite reply to. Out of all of the topographic points the authorities spends money, more than 50 % goes to three chief countries: defence, Social Security, and Medicare and Medicaid, all of which combined history for between $ 750 and $ 900 billion per twelvemonth. In the instance of national defence, there are a few different points to be made in justification of these outrageously high Numberss. First, the costs in the 1940s and 50s due to both World War II and the Korean War. Next comes the costs of the War in Vietnam in the mid-1960s and 1970s along with LBJ # 8217 ; s Great Society Programs. This tendency of large disbursement continued on through the until the terminal of the 1980s under Reagan # 8217 ; s Cold War plans. With the Cold War over, and the United States recognized as the universe # 8217 ; s merely world power, the defence budget is now being cut. But despite these cuts, experts estimate that up through the twelvemonth 2005, we will pass at least $ 250 billion a twelvemonth on national defence. Social Security is yet a different narrative. Social Security has become the anchor of the Federal Government. Every politician in Washington knows that Social Security will finally fall, but really few will really suggest a budget that cuts out Social Security wholly. For those who do, any such program is changeable down instantly. Since its construct in the 1950s, Social Security has done nil but grow, and this twelvemonth will be someplace in the vicinity of $ 330 to $ 350 billion. If that # 8217 ; s non plenty, it is projected that by 2005, the plan will balloon to about $ 450 billion. That # 8217 ; s a 28 % addition in less than 10 old ages. Medicare and Medicaid are besides Harijans in the federal budget, although in Clinton # 8217 ; s new program, he plans to cut the growing of both every bit. While exact Numberss aren # 8217 ; t available for Medicaid, Medicare is surging at the same rate as Social Security. Right now, Medicare costs about $ 160 billion. In ten old ages, it will turn at an dismaying rate up to over $ 270 billion. That is a 68 % growing rate. If this tendency continues, Medicare will make $ 500 billion within 25 old ages. That # 8217 ; s a batch of money for wellness attention. As for the remainder of the money, the majority of it goes to plans such as income security, wellness, instruction, and transit among other undertakings. About $ 220 billion goes towards involvement we pay on the debt, and as our national debt keeps lifting so will this figure. If the debt grows to the sum predicted by Leon Panetta, Clinton # 8217 ; s Chief of Staff, $ 6401 billion, or to the size that some economic experts believe, in the surplus of $ 7000 billion, this figure will surge higher and higher each twelvemonth. As the earlier graph pointed out, our national debt is non traveling to lessening by itself. What this state needs is a via media between Congress and the President, no affair which President. Some experts feel that it is necessary that we side with one party or the other ( www.nationaldebt.com ) . Presently we have a Republican Congress and a Democratic President. This International Relations and Security Network # 8217 ; T traveling to assist do the state of affairs any easier. As a affair of fact, in recent old ages the step of one-year shortage is determined reciprocally by the sum of money that the authorities can plunder from the Social Security Trust Fund and the Federal Employees # 8217 ; Trust Funds plus 148 other trust financess. It has little or no relationship to the financial direction of the authorities # 8217 ; s functionaries. The more trust fund money they can loot, the less the shortage will be, but the more the debt will increase. The best comparing that can be made to the national debt is an mystery. If the authorities tries to diminish it, person is traveling to be huffy over what plan is being cut. The more the authorities spends, the more people complain that it is passing excessively much. There is no balance, and that is why it makes elected functionaries so indecisive about their positions on the debt, they want to acquire re-elected. One concluding idea, equilibrating the budget will extinguish the shortage, but it will non halt the growing of the debt, and the debt is what we pay involvement on, non the shortage. If there had been no shortage during the 1990 # 8217 ; s, the debt would still hold increased by $ 1 Trillion. Seem chilling? Obviously we demand immediate action, with minimum spat. Plants Consulted Clinton Outlines Plan To Balance Budget By 2005 ; Melissa Healy ; Los Angeles Timess ; June 14 1995 # 8220 ; National Debt # 8221 ; ; Encarta On-Line Encyclopedia 1996 Hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cnn.com Http: //www.nationaldebt.com

Product Positioning and Differentiation

Product positioning and differentiation is a combination of elements of marketing that help in marketing a product. Product differentiation involves setting the product in a way that it is different from the competitors’ product in the market (Kazmi, 2008). This may include a high quality service, after sale service among others that the competitor does not offer.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Product Positioning and Differentiation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In product differentiation, a marker tries to answer the question of what will make the consumer purchase his product and leave the others (Kazmi, 2008). On the other hand, product positioning involves the presentation of the product image in the market (Kazmi, 2008). This occurs after product differentiation whereby a product marketer has to place his products well in order to attract customers’ attention and make them buy it. Product positioning may be in terms of quality, price, and value among others. Normally, product differentiation and positioning are also accompanied by a positioning statement. This statement tries to highlight both the differentiation and positioning of the product thus making it easy for identification of the product in the market (Kazmi, 2008). Product positioning statement is the third step after differentiation and positioning. Therefore, the three items go together in marketing of a particular. Blue Cross Blue Shield Insurance Company Blue Cross Blue Shield is an insurance company in the US. It is located in Texas and provides insurance services particularly in the healthcare sector. It began its operations in Texas and currently has a wide coverage within the state. It has been in the insurance industry for more than 80 years now. Being one of the largest health insurance companies in the country, it has won various awards due to its outstanding financial service. This has made it a leader in the health insurance industry (Plunkett, 2008). Product Differentiation Blue Cross-Blue Shield has engaged in product differentiation in the market. This is aimed at making clients able to differentiate between Blue Cross Blue Shield products from those of their competitors in the market. One way that the company has used to achieve this is through the service quality offered. The company is rated the best in terms of client service (Plunkett, 2008).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This includes physical assistance and in answering calls for clients who are seeking information about the company. Blue Cross Blue Shield Insurance Company has build on this and thus, it does not majorly compete on price. Therefore, it becomes the company rated among the best in performance despite having a higher price charges for its services than their competitors. Therefore, continuing to build on this aspect will make the company grow in the insurance market at a very high rate. Another method that used in bringing about product differentiation is on its brand (Plunkett, 2008). When a customer sees a certain product with the label of a company that he knows has superior quality goods, he is well assured that even that new product is also suitable. This is the same method used by the insurance companies in product differentiation strategies in the market. Blue Cross Blue Shield Insurance Company has won various awards and some related to its strong brand in the insurance market (Plunkett, 2008). Therefore, when a client comes across the company’s product or office, he is assured of a quality service when he gets to visit the office. Hence, this has made the Blue Cross Blue Shield Insurance Company build their product differentiation on its products in the market. Customers are assured of a quality service when they visit or call seeki ng assistance. Brand image is enough to convey a message of exceptional quality service from the company. The company can now continue building on the brand image in the market that will enhance product success in the market. Product Positioning The company has a well positioned brand image in the society for the provision of healthcare. The image has made the company be successful in the provision of health insurance services within the United States of America. Every person wants to be associated with a successful company.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Product Positioning and Differentiation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, customers are likely to transfer from other insurance agencies to Blue cross Blue shield to seek for medical cover. It was ranked as the best in health insurance in the year 2010 and 2011 (Plunkett, 2008). This gives a strong base for positioning of the company brand image. The brand image has sold the company into other countries such as Texas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico among others (Plunkett, 2008). Blue cross Blue Shield Insurance Company has a substantial financial base. This has made it succeed in various insurance products that have been presented by clients (Plunkett, 2008). It has also given it an excellent base for price competition with other insurance agencies within the economy. Many rival companies try to compete by offering low priced products, but since the company has a strong financial base, it is able to lower the price of its services but not less than that of competitors. The company also has excellent customer service program (Plunkett, 2008). This has made the customers remain loyal to the company despite its high price for some of the services. The company has a number one response to customer questions. Clients are assisted in their requests even though the phone. One paramount goal for the company on customer service is to sati sfy the customer through the assistance offered in the company (Plunkett, 2008). Health Partners Insurance Company This is an insurance company that is concerned with providing insurance services to the communities. The company has an institute of medical education that deals with training of physicians who work on various hospitals and other departments and it is also a research foundation concerned with research for the best curative medicines for various diseases.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company deals with creating awareness to the community about the health tips and best ways of maintaining quality health. It also has a several number of pharmacy shops within the country that have the mandate of providing reliable drugs to the community (Hill Jones, 2009). Product Differentiation The company has also come up with the health fitness program that has both online services and offline services through their website (Hill Jones, 2009). The program is known as â€Å"silver fit program.† The program aims at making the people exercise in order to have happy, healthy lives. Members of the public are free to join the group or they can choose to do the exercises at their homes. Those who join the program should select a club that they are going to partner with and pay a monthly charge of $25 (Hill Jones, 2009). Health Partners insurance company pays the club and a person can freely visit the place for exercises. This is a new product in the insurance industry. It is aimed at providing health insurance services through prevention method from diseases (Hill Jones, 2009). The company has come up with this new product in a way of differentiating its products from other insurance companies that provide insurance covers on the treatment of diseases. This differentiation method will maintain the company in the provision of health insurance scheme. Clients will easily identify the company product as it is aimed at preventing diseases rather than providing insurance for treatment of diseases. Another method that the company has come up with in trying to differentiate its products is through the introduction of an insurance product that covers thirty diseases on a daily basis. A customer is supposed to identify a clinic that treats thirty common diseases such as cold, urinary infections, sore throat among others (Hill Jones, 2009). The insurance cover is only up to $40 per month (Hill Jones, 2009). An individual will be able visit the clinic on any day to receive medication without charges. This is also another way to look at the medical insurance scheme. Most insurance schemes provide only one time cover for illness while this cover provides a daily cover for common diseases. The new cover differentiates the company’s product from other products of its competitors. It has a guarantee of being successful in the market with these two differentiated products. Product Positioning Health Partners insurance company has also come up with an easy method of positioning these new products in the market. It has set low prices for the new product such that they are easily affordable by many people within the country (Hill Jones, 2009). Other companies within the industry are charging higher prices for their products such as Blue cross Blue Shield Company. The latest study shows that more people prefer low cost insurance products than high cost products that are in the market. These company products will be easily identified i n the market due to their differentiation and positioning. Product Positioning Statement The company has come up with a product statement for its new products in the market. This has been developed from the new products differentiation and positioning. The product positioning statement states â€Å"affordable medical, prescription drug, and dental cover from the top rated. The freedom is yours.† (Hill Jones, 2009)This statement will easily sell the new products in the market. Companies’ similarities and differences There are no similarities in the company products, product differentiation or positioning. Each company has its own method of creating product differentiation and positioning in the market. The two companies are different in the way they create product differentiation and positioning. Blue cross Blue shield insurance company differentiates its product through its services and brand. On the other hand, Health Partners differentiate their products through the creation of new products that are different from their competitors. The other difference comes in the product positioning where Health Partners position their products in the market by setting a lower price as compared to the competitors’ prices. On the other hand, Blue cross Blue shield positions its products in the market through its brand image, excellent customer service and a higher price. The last difference is on positioning statement where Health Partners have a product positioning statement. Blue cross Blue shield does not have a product positioning statement for their products. References Hill, C. Jones, G. (2009). Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach. New York: Cengage Learning. Kazmi, A. (2008). Strategic Management and Business Policy. New York: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Plunkett, J., W. (2008). Plunkett’s Health Care Industry Almanac 2009. New York: Plunkett Research, Ltd. This research paper on Product Positioning and Differentiation was written and submitted by user Deon Perez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Glow Stick Experiment - Rate of Chemical Reaction

Glow Stick Experiment - Rate of Chemical Reaction Who doesnt love playing with glow sticks? Grab a pair and use them to examine how temperature affects the rate of chemical reactions. Its good science, plus its helpful information for when you want to make a glow stick last longer or glow more brightly. Glow Stick Experiment Materials 3 Glow sticks (the short ones are idea, but you can use any size)Glass of ice waterGlass of hot water   How To Do the Glow Stick Experiment Yes, you can just activate the glow sticks, put them in the glasses, and see what happens, but that wouldnt be an experiment. Apply the scientific method: Make observations. Activate the three glow sticks by snapping them to break the container inside the tube and allowing the chemicals to mix. Does the temperature of the tube change when it starts to glow? What color is the glow? Its a good idea to write down observations.Make a prediction. Youre going to leave one glow stick at room temperature, place one in a glass of ice water, and place the third in a glass of hot water. What do you think will happen?Conduct the experiment. Note what time it is, in case you want to time how long each glow stick lasts. Place one stick in the cold water, one in the hot water, and leave the other at room temperature. If you like, use a thermometer to record the three temperatures.Take data. Note how brightly each tube glows. Are they all the same brightness? Which tube glows the most brightly? Which is the dimmest? If you have time, see how long each tube glows. Did they all glow the same length of time? Which lasted the longest? Which stopped glowin g first? You can even do math, to see how much longer one tube lasted compared with the other. Once you have completed the experiment, examine the data. You can make a table showing how brightly each stick glowed and how long it lasted. These are your results.Draw a conclusion. What happened? Did the outcome of the experiment support your prediction? Why do you think the glow sticks reacted to temperature the way they did? Glow Sticks and the Rate of Chemical Reaction A glow stick is an example of chemiluminescence. This means luminescence or light is produced as the result of a chemical reaction. Several factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction, including temperature, concentration of reactants, and the presence of other chemicals. Spoiler alert: This section tells you what happened and why. Increasing temperature typically increases the rate of the chemical reaction. Increasing temperature speeds up the motion of molecules, so they are more likely to bump into each other and react. In the case of glow sticks, this means a hotter temperature will make the glow stick glow more brightly. However, a faster reaction means it reaches completion more quickly, so placing a glow stick in a hot environment will shorten how long it lasts. On the other hand, you can slow down the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the temperature. If you chill a glow stick, it wont glow as brightly, but it will last much longer. You can use this information to help glow sticks last. When you are done with one, put it in the freezer to slow down its reaction. It may last until the next day, while a glow stick at room temperature would stop producing light. Are Glow Sticks Endothermic or Exothermic? Another experiment you can perform is to determine whether or not glow sticks are endothermic or exothermic. In other words, does the chemical reaction in a glow stick absorb heat (endothermic) or release heat (exothermic)? Its also possible the chemical reaction neither absorbs nor releases heat. You might assume that a glow stick releases heat because it releases energy in the form of light. To find out whether this is true, you need a sensitive thermometer. Measure the temperature of a glow stick before activating it. Measure the temperature once you crack the stick to start the chemical reaction. If the temperature increases, the reaction is exothermic. If it decreases, its endothermic. If you cant record a change, then the reaction is essentially neutral as far as thermal energy is concerned.